摘 要： 传统的科学哲学有关科学理论的公认观点在20世纪70年代宣告失败以后，有些科学哲学家经过几十年的努力发展出一种结构主义的科学理论结构观念，在某种程度上克服了逻辑经验主义的缺点又排除了历史学派的极端，值得我们加以重视。这个学派的基本观点，强调科学理论分析在科学哲学中的重要性并批评了新经验主义否定系统理论和普遍规律的片面性。
关键词： 集合论； 模型； 理论元素； 理论网络； 理论金字塔
The Structuralistic Outlook of Scientific Theories
Zhang Hua-xia
Abstract： The “received view” of philosophy of science had been defeated in the 1970s. In recent decades, many philosophers of science made great efforts to develop a so-called “Structuralist Program” in the field of structure of scientific theories, which attempts to overcome the defects of logical empiricism and the extremeness of the historical school of philosophy of science. This paper introduces the basic ideas of structuralism in philosophy of science and makes some comments on neo-empiricism based on these ideas.
Key words: set theory; model; theory-elements; theory-nets; theory-holons
