魏义霞：佛学：康有为哲学的主要来源

摘  要：康有为一面提倡立孔教为国教，一面对佛教倍加推崇，这使佛学与儒学一样成为其哲学的主要来源：康有为以仁为本体的博爱哲学与佛教的“能仁”尤其是华严宗的思想密切相关；主乐哲学容纳了佛教涅槃之乐和精神解脱的思想要素；进化哲学以孔子的《春秋》为经典，同时和合了佛教的三世轮回说；大同理想基于大乘小乘并行不悖的圆融理念。有鉴于此，康有为本人一再对孔教与佛教相互比附，梁启超更是将康有为所讲的孔教直接称为“佛教之华严宗”。

关键词： 康有为； 佛学； 孔佛关系

Buddhism: The Main Resources of Kang You-wei’s Philosophy

WEI Yi-xia

Abstract: While Kang You-wei advocates establishing Confucianism as the state religion, he highly values Buddhism. Kang's philanthropist philosophy founded on Confucian benevolence is closely related to Buddhism, especially to the ideas of the Hua-yen School. His view on happiness contains Buddhist teachings of nirvana and moksha. Although following the spirit of Spring and Autumn Annals, Kang's evolutionary philosophy draws its inspiration from the teaching of samasara. To some extent, his idea about “Great Harmony” derives from the integrate harmony between Mahayana and Theravada. It can be seen from Kang's analogies that Buddhism is the main resources of his philosophy.

Key words: Kang You-wei; Buddhism; the relationship between Buddhism and Confucians