摘 要：近年来，西方思想界盛行一股思潮，将民主视为一个反历史的概念，但对现代民主思想起源的考察告诉我们，民主与历史观是不可分割的。对民主的质疑反映了历史哲学中必然与自由之间深刻的张力。在民主制度的确立、主体施为的无限开放性以及历史与政治过程脱节的背后，其实正隐含了未来观的消遁。历史终结论是古典历史哲学固有逻辑矛盾的体现，但古典范式的终结并不意味着其核心构成元素的终结；新的历史哲学范式只能是这些元素的重构，而对民主的正确理解取决于一种妥当的未来观。
关键词： 历史哲学； 未来观； 民主
The End of History? A Perspective of the Philosophy of History
LI Jun-peng
Abstract: In recent years, democracy has been viewed as an anti-historical concept by a number of thinkers. However, a survey of the origins of modern democracy reveals an indissoluble relationship between democratic thought and a vision of history. The question on democracy reflects the deep tensions between necessity and freedom in the philosophy of history. Underneath the establishment of the democratic polities, the infinite openness of agency and the disjuncture between history and political processes is the disappearance of futurity. The theory of the end of history is the culmination of the immanent paradox of the classical philosophy of history, but the end of the classical paradigm does not coincide with the end of its basic elements. A new paradigm can only be based on the recomposition of those elements, while the salvation of democracy requires a sound vision of the future.
Key words: philosophy of history; futurity; democracy
